Transesterifikasi minyak kemiri sunan menjadi biodiesel menggunakan katalis padat K2O/C

Muhammad Zaki; Teku Muhammad Asnawi; Husni Husin; Saifullah Ramli; Sofyana Sofyana; Fikri Hasfita; Justaman Arifin Karo Karo

doi:10.24960/jli.v10i2.6143.83-88

Transesterifikasi minyak kemiri sunan menjadi biodiesel menggunakan katalis padat K2O/C

Muhammad Zaki, Teku Muhammad Asnawi, Husni Husin, Saifullah Ramli, Sofyana Sofyana, Fikri Hasfita, Justaman Arifin Karo Karo

Abstract

Preparasi katalis padat K₂O/C telah berhasil disiapkan dengan mengimpregnasi K₂CO₃ pada permukaan karbon aktif sekam padi selama 6 jam. Campuran tersebut dikalsinasi pada suhu 300 ^oC selama 3 jam hingga terbentuk K₂O/C. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi kinerja katalis K₂O/C dalam proses transesterifikasi minyak biji kemiri sunan menjadi biodiesel. Karbon sekam padi (C) dipersiapkan dengan proses pirolisis sekam padi, dilanjutkan dengan proses aktivasi untuk mendapatkan karbon sebagai penyangga berpori. Katalis K₂O/C dikarakterisasi dengan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) dan Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX). Hasil analisa EDX menunjukkan bahwa komposisi katalis didominasi oleh karbon (C) dan kalium (K). Fasa aktif K₂O terdistribusi pada permukaan karbon aktif secara merata. Katalis K₂O/C yang dihasilkan digunakan dalam reaksi transesterifikasi minyak kemiri sunan menggunakan reaktor batch. Yield biodiesel tertinggi dicapai hingga 98,68% ketika menggunakan katalis 4%, loading K₂CO₃ pada karbon aktif 0,5% berat, waktu reaksi 90 menit, serta rasio molar metanol terhadap minyak 8:1. Katalis K₂O/C sangat berpotensi untuk dikembangkan selanjutnya sebagai salah satu katalis padat untuk mengkonversi minyak nabati menjadi biodiesel.

Keywords

katalis padat K2O/C; minyak kemiri sunan; kalium oksida; karbon aktif; biodiesel

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24960/jli.v10i2.6143.83-88